Tag Archive | elytra

High-speed Arthropod Week day 2: Beetle Wings!

9042691092_dc55cd554e_c

Most large beetles, in comparison to flies, wasps and dragonflies seem slow and cumbersome in flight. Perhaps this is due to their forewings being modified into protective covers for the abdomen rather than  full aerodynamic partners. Instead, many beetles hold their forewings (called elytra) aloft ahead of their membranous hindwings, contributing to stability and lift at high airspeeds only (note that they often hold them at a high dihedral, which is a stable configuration).

Certain beetles have much more agility in flight, and acheive this by closing their forewings across their abdomens after their hindwings are deployed. If you have ever tried casing down a Trichiotinus flower scarab in flight, you can appreciate their advantage!

Putting all that hindwing under the elytra takes a bit of origami. Compare the folding of the soldier beetle (Rhagonycha fulva, Cantharidae) above with the ladybird below.

Beetles are hyper-diverse, and very prominent in all kinds of ecosystems, so it seems that their (on average) less agile flight has not been a big penalty. The way that they gracefully unfold their wings and reach skyward during takeoff seems somewhat hopeful to me for some reason. And however much their flight performance lacks compared to a housefly, I still remember that almost any beetle can fly a lot better than I can!